The gauges not working also happened with my 2009 GTI ABS Controller failure. Just me guessing here, but I suspect the bad controller messes up communication on the CAN bus, causing link failures with the dash controller. Yes, my speedo would stop working, gas gauge would settle to zero, steering light would go yellow & red, lots of beeping - in addition to continuous red Brake light, and yellow ABS & Traction lights. All very annoying.
There are so many threads on ABS Pump / Controller failures that its hard to keep track of them all - guess I'll cross post my repair experience to make it easier to find.
If you are considering replacing the ABS Module in your 2009 GTI with a newer (used MK6) one (which is what I did) - this thread documents the work and part numbers involved:
http://www.golfmkv.com/forums/showthread.php?t=196357&highlight=ABS+Module
I read a procedure where you could just replace the controller (computer) on your existing pump, but I wouldn't recommend that since both the pump AND controller each have known (different) failure issues.
I spent $200 for a used Mk6 pump / controller. You need some basic mechanical skill, be familiar with bleeding brake systems, and have access to a Ross-Tech VagCom VCDS for programming the controller and adapting the related sensors.
And yes, I also had a local dealer tell me the repair would be over $2000.
I'm kind of surprised this hasn't escalated into a bigger deal (and possible safety recall) for VW. Not only do you totally lose your Anti-Lock Brake System and Traction Control, but also (intermittently) some Power Steering functionality (return to center didn't work on mine) and the Speedometer.
But I suppose VW already has enough to worry about! A billion here, a billion there, before long it adds up to real money.